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| In
the social sciences, examinations of large scale patterns of society are
called "macro." |
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It
includes broad surveys of social change, and levels of analysis of nation
states, large ethnic groups, social class and communities. |
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| The
word "management" refers to the functions of control, co-ordination,
decision making, and problem solving of any governmental, not-for-profit,
or commercial organization (agency, department, association), group.
community, endeavour, or project. |
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It
is a broad concept (like “governance”) and can be carried out
in many different ways. The empowerment methodology
in these web pages encourages “participatory management,”
rather than autocractic or dictatorial management. |
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| In
both Spanish
and French languages, the
English word "management" translates as different words. In Spanish,
there are three meanings: (1) dirección, (2) gestión y (3) administración.
"Dirección:" to run, the power to give the orders. "Gestionar:"
to arrange, the ability to take the necessary actions for something
to be done. "Administración:" means the job done by a clerk. |
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Those
are shades of meanings; the three of them can all also be called
"dirección." On this web site, we use the word "gestión" because
it is the closest to the methods the site proposes (participatory). Is
more general, more "democratic," not so dictatorial as "dirección,"
but a more important job than a simple "administración." |
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| Management
training differs from orthodox training (which emphasizes skill transfer)
in that it is used as a method of mobilizing and organizing (or reorganizing)a
management system. |
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While
originally developed for senior managers of large commercial corporations,
it is a useful method to add to social animation in strengthening or empowering
low income communities and groups. |
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Examinations of small
scale social patterns.
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| A
"mistake" is an error. We are tempted to get upset when we or the people
who work for or with us make a mistake. But we must learn to expect
mistakes and see it as a normal part of being human, and therefore
not get upset. "To err is human," as the saying goes, only some divine
higher power is perfect and does not make mistakes. See Anger,
Criticize. |
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If
you want the mistake to not be repeated, what you must do is to avoid
criticizing,
complaining
or getting angry. Any of those will defeat your purpose. Remind the
person that "You do not have to be bad to get better," meaning that anyone
can improve, then make a positive and supportive recommendation for avoiding
the mistake or otherwise improving. See Sandwich. |
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A
mistake is not a failure; relax. A failure is not a disaster; relax. A
disaster is not the end of the world; relax. To review a few mistakes
in writing, see: Errors. Also see anger.
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| The
mobilization cycle, is a set of interventions by a mobilizer aimed at stimulating
a community to engage in self-activities leading to increased self reliance. |
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It
is called "cycle" in that the whole set of activities (which
are in a logical and functional order) are repeated as long as necessary.
See Mobilization Cycle and Mobilization
Cycle Illustrations. |
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| Stimulation.
Not exactly the same as organize,
because
action has to take place (people become mobile, moving)before it can be
called mobilization. |
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It
can be spelled "mobilise." Similar to social
animation, except animation includes both the mobilizing and
the organizing. See "Action." |
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| A
mobilizer is a person who mobilizes, ie gets things moving. Social animator.
Community development officer or assistant. |
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Community
worker. Activist. Community participation promoter. See: To
Be a Mobilizer. |
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| Money
and wealth are not the same. Money is a cultural symbol that everyone must
believe in if it is to be useful. |
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It
can be used as a measure of wealth, a method of transferring or exchanging
wealth, and a way to store wealth. (See "wealth,"
and Principles of Wealth). |
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| Monitoring
is the regular observation, recording, analysing and reporting of activities
and the results of those activities, in a project or similar activity.
(See Monitoring). |
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| Qualitative
and quantitative criteria (signs) for measuring or assessing
the achievements, or degrees of achievement of project activities, objectives
and outputs. |
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They
should be objectively verifiable. See Measuring
Strength for indicators of the desired results of community mobilizing,
ie empowerment. |
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| The
word "motivation" indicates the willingness to work, or to
get something done. The meaning has been corrupted when someone says she
or he wants to be “motivated,” meaning that he or she
wants payment. Cash is only one possible factor of motivation. |
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People
can be motivated to do things on the basis of loyalty, or of love of person,
family, lineage, tribe or country. Some one may be motivated to do things
because they want to see the results (job satisfaction). Motivation
is the desire to act, not the payment. |
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| Between
more than two parties. This is used where a donor country sends funds to
multilateral organization such as the World Bank and the United Nations,
which in turn administer aid donations to several recipient countries. |
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Canada's
aid agency, CIDA, has a division called "Multilateral" which administers
the donation of aid money to multilateral agencies, mainly the UN. Like
the bilateral agencies, the multilateral agencies usually operate through
local private enterprises as consultancies, to implement their projects.
Compare with "Bilateral." |
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Multilateral
agencies include those that are multi nation, including the United Nations
and its many emergency response and developmental agencies (UNDP, Unicef,
UNHCR, UNCHS, WHO, FAO, WFP). Multilateral also includes the World Bank
and the International Monetary Fund.
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| (Deutsch:
multilateral,
Español:
~, Français: ~, Português: ~, Pyccкий:
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How
do you raise mushrooms? You "keep them in the dark and feed them cow manure."
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| This
is a slang phrase meaning the opposite of transparency. |
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Usually
a more rude phrase for male bovine faeces is used instead of "cow
manure." |
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