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By Phil Bartle, PhD


List of Principles –– Handout:

  • Do not copy orthodox and traditional methods and content (Lit-01);
  • Develop your own methods and content based on principles
    of empowerment and relevance (Lit-02);
  • Adults are not children – different approaches are needed (Lit-03);
  • Models for teaching should not be taken from schools for children (Lit-04);
  • Respect is very important (Lit-05);
  • Learning by doing is more effective than by watching or listening (Lit-06);
  • Do not aim for high levels of literacy (Lit-07);
  • Seek practical communication – do not strive for perfection (Lit-08);
  • Emphasise languages and alphabets most commonly used (Lit-09);
  • Combine written words with simple pictures (Lit-10);
  • Include elementary numeracy early in your teaching plan (Lit-11);
  • What is learned must be practical, immediate, and useful (Lit-12);
  • Learn and use what is useful and interesting in each community (Lit-13);
  • Avoid curricula (content) from orthodox schooling – make your own (Lit-14);
  • Avoid traditional, orthodox, useless topics (Lit-15);
  • Praise; do not criticise (Lit-16);
  • Give opportunities to participants to teach what they learn (Lit-17);
  • Guide participants into the awe and enjoyment of discovery (Lit-18).

Notes on all of the above (long document)

Back to the list of principles

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